上海宏润博源学校外方校长Christopher Moses主题演讲“教育的价值：激发学生的内在驱动力”，分享了促进学生学习成长的方法。

Foreign Principal Christopher Moses of Shanghai Hongrun Boyuan School spoke to parents about how best to approach students’ educational development.

上海宏润博源学校

Moses说:“我们通常认为教育是一个线性过程，学生每年都习得更多的知识、获得更多的技能。”

“We have a common-sense understanding that education is a linear process,” Moses said, “with students learning more, gaining more knowledge and skills with each year.”

然而，Moses强调，实际过程要复杂得多: 学习是一个波动的过程，学生可能会经历一段高效的学习期，也可能在接连成功后进入瓶颈期。即使是那些表现一贯良好的学生，在学业和个人发展过程中也会遇到起起落落。简单地说，青少年在青春期遵循着他们自己的逻辑，有时这种逻辑令人费解。

However, Moses emphasized, the actual process is much more complicated: learning comes in fits and spurts, students may plateau for a period, or even struggle after an extended period of success. Even those who consistently perform well will confront ups and downs in their own progress, both academically as well as in terms of their personal development. Simply put, the teenage years follow their own, sometimes hard-to-understand, logic.

Moses继续说道：“学校、老师和家长必须认识并接受这一点，而不是试图与之抗争。一边是青少年学生变幻莫测的天性，而另一边是我们对他们快速成长的期待，这两者要如何平衡?”

Schools, teachers and parents must recognize and embrace this, Moses continued, rather than trying to fight it. “How do we match the fickle nature of adolescence with the big-picture ambitions we have for our students, with our hopes for their success?”

教育的线性模式

Moses校长就如何更好地与孩子沟通提出了两条具体的建议。

Moses offered two specific suggestions for how we can better communicate with children.

首先，也是最重要的一点，我们应该赞扬学生的态度和努力，而不是他们获得的分数或成绩。如果学生不付出努力，不经历困难就轻易拿到了A，那么家长对他们表示祝贺其实是对他们的误导;相反，若是他们付出了巨大努力，但因为结果不太理想却得不到家长的表扬，他们会非常沮丧。青少年对家长给予表扬的这种不一致性惊人地敏感，对自己已经或尚未取得的成就非常有自知之明。通过关注学生的学习态度和方式，家长能够更好地理解他们并培养他们获得长期成功所必需的技能。

First, and most importantly, we should praise students’ attitude and effort, not the marks or grades they receive. It’s quite misguided to congratulate a student for getting an A if they weren’t challenged, particularly if they are not commended for having work tremendously hard even when the outcome might not have been so strong. Teens in particular are incredible sensitive to such inconsistency and are very self-aware about what they have or have not achieved. By focusing on how students work, they’re better able to understand and develop the skills necessary for long-term success.

其次，当我们对学生的学习状况感到失望的时候，不要急于直白地批评他们。相反，我们应该问他们：“考试难在哪里?”“你是怎么复习备考的?你认为哪里出了问题?”“将来你可能会用怎样的方法来应对此类问题?”

Second, when we may be frustrated with students’ work, rather than explicitly criticizing them, we should instead ask questions: “What was hard about the test?” “How did you prepare, and what do you think went wrong?” “How might you approach such a problem differently in the future?”

一味指责是一条死路。提问打开了重要的学生通往自我反省的大门，给了学生成长的机会。即使看起来似乎是对懒惰诘责此类老生常谈的问题，也要探究其原因，帮助学生理解他们正在做的决定会给他们带来的后果。

Ultimately, condemnation is a dead-end street. Questions open the door to great self-reflection and give students the opportunity to grow. Even if it appears to be the common affliction of laziness, probe its causes and help students understand that they’re making decisions that have consequences.

广义地说，Moses校长将这两点定为激发学生学习动力的一种手段。被逼着去做，不会收到的效果;发自他们内心的想要有所作为的意愿才是的动力。只有从机遇和经验中才能地悟出这样的道理，仅仅靠强调知识习得和积累的学习方式是不行的。要有机会真正去做些事情，将所学技能应用于实践，去解决真正的问题，这样的成就带来的自豪感会激发他们的内在动力。

被逼着去做，不会收到的效果;发自他们内心的想要有所作为的意愿才是的动力。——Chris Moses

Broadly speaking, Moses framed these two points as a means to inspire students’ motivation. Rather than being pushed, the best results come from a student’s own will to achieve. Such perspective comes best from opportunity and experience, rather than types of learning that simply stress the acquisition and accumulation of knowledge. Having the chance to do things, to put skills to work, to solve real problems and feel the pride that comes from achievement—these are the sparks that make motivation a reality.

学生成长的现实状况

Moses校长还谈到，学习的动力可能来自课外活动，并提到了在上海宏润博源学校，艺术，网球和篮球双优项目课程让一些同学产生了蜕变。

他说:“学习动力是具有感染力的，无论它源自哪里，它都会渗透到别的科目中去，到数学课中去，到英语作业中去。”

Moses spoke of how that sense of motivation may come from extracurricular activitiesand in particular, how at SHBS the double excellence programs in the arts, tennis and basketball have been transformative for some students.

“Motivation is contagious,” he remarked, “wherever it comes from, it will find its way into math class, into English homework.”

他接着说：“在寻找激励他们的因素的同时，学生们会发现三个关键因素：目标、实用主义和成就感。这三个因素不仅为他们的教育奠定了基础，而且也为他们成年后成功地驾驭复杂的世界做好准备。

In finding what motivates them, Moses continued, students discover three key elements that provide a foundation not just for their education, but for successfully navigating the complex world they’ll confront as an adult: purpose, pragmatism, and fulfillment.

心中有目标，学生就能正确理解他们的学业，而且在认识他们所取得的成就的价值时就不至于迷失方向。

A sense of purpose gives students a way of understanding their work, and direction in recognizing the value of their accomplishments.

实用主义指的是学生是决策者，且他们能够认识到周围世界的复杂性。实用主义认为，目标并非某种天真幼稚的理想主义，而是一个随着时间推移而展开的过程，在这个过程中你将遭遇挑战和阻碍。

Pragmatism means that students are decision makers, and that they can recognize the complexity of the world around them. It recognizes that purpose is not some form of naïve idealism, but a process that unfolds with time, that will meet challenges and obstacles.

成就感是一个人对自身价值和幸福的衡量标准，而不是对成功或幸福的武断评价。

Fulfillment is one’s own measure of personal worth and well-being, rather than some arbitrary valuation of success or happiness.

目标、实用主义和成就感合在一起共同创造了自信心，即深刻认识到自我价值。

Together, purpose, pragmatism and fulfillment create a sense of confidence, a deep realization of self-worth.

他解释说:“信心不是愿意做某事，而是我们的自知之明; 它反映了一种心态，把挑战视为机遇。

“Confidence,” Moses explained, “is not a willingness to do something. Rather, confidence is a story about who we are; it reflects a state of mind and accepts challenges as opportunities.”

理解、促进并且赞扬自信心的培养能够激励学生，也是学校教育的精髓所在。

Understanding, enacting and celebrating that story of confidence propels students and reflects the very best of what schools can offer.

最后Moses校长总结道:“由此可见，美国大学要求学生递交自我陈述文章并非偶然，因为他们希望看到的正是你的这个建立在一定目标基础上的，体现实用主义，并表达一种成就感的自信故事“。

“It’s no accident,” Moses concluded, “that American colleges ask for a personal statement: this story of confidence, built on purpose, reflecting pragmatism, and expressing a sense of fulfillment—this is exactly what they’re looking for.”

上海宏润博源学校报名、参加入学测试及校园开放日，请： ，或通过下方报名通道登记。